Quality Control of Crude Drugs Introduction: Quality control of crude drugs is an essential part of Pharmacognosy. Crude drugs obtained from natural sources must be pure, safe, and effective to produce the desired therapeutic effect. Due to high demand, limited…
PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF CRUDE DRUGS Natural products found in crude drugs contain a wide range of chemical compounds known as phytochemicals. Among them, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, volatile oils, tannins, and resins are some of the most important groups. These compounds…
IMPORTANT CRUDE DRUGS IN PHARMACOGNOSY This section summarises the biological source, major chemical constituents, and therapeutic uses of important crude drugs used in pharmacognosy. These drugs belong to different categories such as laxatives, cardiotonics, carminatives, CNS drugs, antidiabetics, antimalarials, and…
FIBRES AND SURGICAL MATERIALS IN PHARMACOGNOSY Plant and animal fibres are widely used in pharmacy and surgery because of their absorbency, softness, purity and biocompatibility. In pharmacognosy, cotton, silk, wool and regenerated fibres play an important role in surgical dressings,…
TRADITIONAL SYSTEMS OF MEDICINE AND AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS India has a rich heritage of traditional healing systems such as Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy. Each system follows unique principles of diagnosis and treatment. This section explains their basic concepts and preparation…
MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS AND THEIR ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) play a vital role in healthcare, traditional medicine, pharmaceutical industries and the national economy. India is one of the largest producers of medicinal plants and has strong…
NUTRACEUTICALS AND HEALTH-PROMOTING NATURAL PRODUCTS Herbs and natural food supplements are widely used as health-promoting agents due to their safety, nutritional value and therapeutic benefits. These substances help prevent diseases, support immunity and improve overall well-being. Nutraceuticals Definition: Food components…
INTRODUCTION TO HERBAL FORMULATIONS Herbal formulations are medicinal products prepared from natural plant materials. They form an important part of traditional systems like Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani, and are increasingly used in modern healthcare due to their safety and holistic…
HERBAL COSMETICS AND THEIR USES Herbal cosmetics use natural plant-based ingredients to improve skin health, enhance beauty and support overall wellness. They are preferred for their safety, minimal side effects and long-term benefits. Aloe Vera Gel Source: Aloe barbadensisConstituents: Polysaccharides,…
PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF CRUDE DRUGS Phytochemical investigation involves the systematic study of chemical constituents present in medicinal plants. It includes extraction, isolation, identification and characterization of bioactive compounds responsible for therapeutic activity. Objectives Steps in Phytochemical Investigation Collection and Authentication…