BLOOD AND HAEMOPOIETIC SYSTEM Welcome, future healthcare professionals! As a pharmacy educator with years of experience teaching human anatomy and physiology, I have always emphasized that blood is the river of life. It is the only tissue that touches every…
JOINTS: CLASSIFICATION, TYPES, MOVEMENTS & DISORDERS Welcome, future healthcare professionals! As a pharmacy educator with years of experience teaching human anatomy and physiology, I have always emphasized that joints are the functional bridges of the skeletal system. Without joints, our…
THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: Welcome, future healthcare professionals! As a pharmacy educator with years of experience teaching human anatomy and physiology, I have always emphasized that the skeletal system is the structural foundation of the human body. Without it, we would…
TISSUES OF THE HUMAN BODY: Welcome, future healthcare professionals! As a pharmacy educator with years of experience teaching human anatomy and physiology, I have always emphasized that understanding tissues is essential for understanding how the body works as a whole.…
CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: A TEACHER’S COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE Welcome, future biologists and healthcare professionals! As a pharmacy educator with years of experience teaching human anatomy and physiology, I have always emphasized that understanding the cell is the foundation of all…
EXTRACTION Extraction is the process of separating medicinally active constituents from plant and animal tissues by using selective solvents and standard procedures. The extracted products obtained from plant tissues may be in liquid, semisolid, or dry powdered form after removal…
DRYING Drying is the process in which water or other solvents are removed from a substance by the application of heat. Removal of liquid from solids may be carried out either by mechanical methods, such as filtration or centrifugation, or…
FILTRATION Filtration is a separation process used to remove solid particles from a fluid by passing the mixture through a porous medium that allows the liquid to pass through while retaining the solids. The liquid-solid mixture to be filtered is…
MIXING Mixing is the process in which two or more ingredients are treated so that every particle of one ingredient lies as near as possible to the particle of the other ingredient. In pharmaceutical practice, mixing is one of the…
SIZE SEPARATION Size separation is a unit operation used to separate or classify particles on the basis of differences in physical properties such as size, density, shape, and surface characteristics. It is also known as screening, sifting, or classifying. In…