Classification of Crude Drugs in Pharmacognosy Introduction: In Pharmacognosy, crude drugs are obtained from natural sources such as plants, animals, and…

Quality Control of Crude Drugs Introduction: Quality control of crude drugs is an essential part of Pharmacognosy. Crude drugs obtained from…

Natural products found in crude drugs contain a wide range of chemical compounds known as phytochemicals. Among them, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides,…

This section summarises the biological source, major chemical constituents, and therapeutic uses of important crude drugs used in Pharmacognosy. These drugs…

Plant and animal fibres are widely used in pharmacy and surgery because of their absorbency, softness, purity and biocompatibility. In Pharmacognosy,…

India has a rich heritage of traditional healing systems that have been practiced for thousands of years. Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and…

Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) play a vital role in healthcare, traditional medicine, pharmaceutical industries and the national economy. India is…

Herbs and natural food supplements are increasingly used as health-promoting agents due to their safety, nutritional value and therapeutic benefits. These…

Introduction to Herbal Formulations Herbal formulations are medicinal products prepared from natural plant materials. They form an important part of traditional…

Herbal cosmetics use natural plant-based ingredients to promote skin health, enhance beauty and improve overall wellness. They are preferred for their…